Sodium chloride, also known as table salt or common salt, is a chemical compound composed of one sodium and one chloride ion. It is a white, crystalline substance that is highly soluble in water and has a salty taste.

Sodium chloride is one of the most abundant and widely used chemical compounds on Earth. It is used in many different industries and applications, including food processing, pharmaceuticals, and chemical manufacturing.

In the food industry, sodium chloride is used as a flavor enhancer and a preservative. It is also used to cure meats, pickle vegetables and more.

In the chemical industry, sodium chloride is used as a raw material in the production of other chemical compounds, such as chlorine, caustic soda and hydrogen chloride.

Sodium chloride is added to drilling fluids to increase the fluid density and to provide a source of chloride ions. The increased density helps to maintain the stability of the borehole and to prevent the formation of drill solids. The chloride ions can also be used to control the activity of certain clay minerals in the formation.

Sodium chloride is also used in many industrial processes such as in the production of soap and detergents, in water treatment plants, to de-ice roads, and more.

It is important to note that excessive intake of sodium chloride can be harmful to health, leading to high blood pressure, heart disease, and other health problems. The daily recommended intake of sodium should not exceed 2300mg, which is the equivalent of 1 teaspoon of salt.