Xanthan gum is a polysaccharide that is produced by the fermentation of glucose, sucrose, or lactose by the Xanthomonas campestris bacteria. It is a white, powdery substance that is commonly used as a thickener, emulsifier, and stabilizer in a wide range of food and industrial applications.

In the food industry, xanthan gum is used as a thickener and stabilizer in a wide range of products, such as salad dressings, sauces, and ice cream. It helps to prevent ingredients from separating and improves the texture and mouthfeel of the finished product.

In the oil and gas industry, xanthan gum is used as a thickener and rheology modifier in drilling muds and fracturing fluids.

In the cosmetic and personal care industry, xanthan gum is used as a thickener and emulsifier in lotions, creams, and other products. It helps to create a smooth, creamy texture and improves the stability of the product.

Xanthan gum is also used in some industrial applications such as in printing inks, ceramics, and construction materials.

Xanthan gum is considered safe for consumption, it is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the FDA and it is also gluten-free and non-allergenic. E number is E415.